Different types of heat source are divided into: air source heat pump, water source heat pump, ground source heat pump, dual -source heat pump (combined with water source heat pump and air source heat pump).
Air source heat pump
principle
During the operation of the air source heat pump, the evaporator absorbs heat from the thermal energy of the air in the air to evaporates the heat transfer. The pressure and temperature of the working -quality vapor are compressed and the temperature increases. During the tube, the condenser is condensed into a liquid, and the heat is passed to the water in the water source heat pump water storage tank.
Heat pump work
The air source heat pump heat transfer is a special substance. It is often pressed at a boiling point of minus 40 ° C, and the solidarity point is below minus 100 ° C. When the substance is cold, it is liquid, but it is easy to evaporate into gas, and vice versa. In actual operation, the evaporation limit of heat transfer in the air source heat pump is about minus 20 ° C. Therefore, the ambient temperature of 5 ° C is also "heat" to such a low temperature. In contrast, it is also hot, so some thermal energy can still be exchanged.
Water source heat pump
principle
The shallow water sources on the surface of the earth (generally within 1000 meters), such as groundwater, rivers, lakes and oceans on the surface, absorb the considerable radiation energy of the sun's entry into the earth, and the temperature of the water source is generally very stable. The working principle of the water source heat pump technology is: through input a small amount of high -quality energy (such as electricity), the low temperature heat energy is transferred to the high temperature level. Water bodies are used as the heat source of winter heat pump heating and the cold source of summer air -conditioning, that is, "remove" the heat in the building in summer and release it to the water body. Due to the low temperature of the water source, the heat can be taken away efficiently to achieve summer to achieve summer The purpose of refrigerating the building indoor; and in winter, it is "extracted" thermal energy from the water source heat pump unit to warm the heat energy from the water source to heating to the building.
Advantage
Compared with the heating system of boiler (electricity, fuel) and air source heat pump, the water source heat pump has obvious advantages. The heating of boiler can only convert 90%to 98%of electrical energy or 70%to 90%of the fuel into heat for users to use. The fuel boiler saves more than one -half of the energy; because the thermal source temperature of the water source thermal pump is relatively stable throughout the year, it is generally 10-25 ° C, and its cooling and heating coefficient can reach 3.5 to 4.4. Compared with the traditional air source heat pump, it is compared with the traditional air source heat pump. About 40%higher, its operating costs are 50%to 60%of ordinary central air conditioners. Therefore, in the past ten years, the water source heat pump air -conditioning system has achieved rapid development in North America, China, Nordic and other countries. China's water source heat pump market has also become more active, which has been widely used in this technology and has become a valid Heating and cooling air -conditioning technology.
Ground source heat pump
Earth source heat pump is an efficient energy -saving air -conditioning equipment that can be heated and refrigerated by shallow geothermal resources (also known as ground energy, including groundwater, soil or surface water, etc.). The ground source thermal pump can be transferred from low temperature to high temperature heat energy by entering a small amount of high -quality energy energy (such as electrical energy). The land energy is used as the heat source of heat pump heating in winter and the cold source of cooling in summer, that is, in winter, the heat in the land energy is removed, and the temperature is increased to provide indoor heating. The land can go. Generally, the source thermal pump consumes 1kWh energy, and users can get more than 4kWh heat or cold.
High -temperature air heat pump
The high -temperature air energy heat pump is literally understood that the temperature of the hot water is higher than 60 ° C (that is, high temperature hot water) or the air pump that can reach 80 ° C (ie: high -temperature drying heat pump) above 80 ° C. Compared with the conventional heat pumps in the market today, the temperature of conventional hot water is generally below 55 ° C, while the new generation of high -temperature air energy heat pump can be used to make high temperature hot water up to about 85 ° C. Slaughter, glass cleaning, printing and dyeing and other industries. [2]
working principle
The working principle of high -temperature air energy heat pump is: the use of the principle of inverse Canno cycle, obtaining low temperature heat sources through natural energy (air heat storage), and high -temperature heat source after the system efficiently collecting heat integration, which is used to take (for) warm, dry or supply heat. water.
advantage
The four advantages of high -temperature air energy heat pump: First, energy saving is conducive to the comprehensive utilization of energy. High -temperature air energy heat pump is absorbed in the low temperature heat in the air. After compressing the compressor, it is converted into high temperature thermal energy. The energy saving effect is quite significant. Second, it is conducive to environmental protection; third, the combination of hot and cold, high equipment application rate, saving investment, fourth because it is an electric drive, which is more convenient to regulate. Compared with the electric boiler, it can save more than 50%of the electricity consumption, and reduce the trouble of changing the electric heating tube frequently; compared to traditional coal boilers and fuel boilers, there is no pollution, no emissions, and safe, saving the annual routine security inspection. The professional boiler is eliminated, with automatic temperature control and operating costs significantly reduced by more than 50%. High -temperature heat pumps can complete the heat pump for heat supply and cooling demand in a special field. Generally speaking, the high -temperature air energy heat pump uses a special heat pump compressor, special refrigerant and system.
